RBI RELEASES 45 EARLY WARNING SIGNAL ABOUT FRAUD/WRONG DOING IN LOAN ACCOUNT
The Reserve Bank of India made available an illustrative list of Early Warning Sign...als (EWS) which should alert bank officials about wrongdoings and frauds in loan accounts. In the background of increasing incidences of frauds in general and in loan portfolios in particular, the Reserve Bank of India brought into force the systemized framework for fraud risk management in banks.
The framework also provided the banks a list containing some 45 early warning signals which should immediately put the bank on alert regarding a weakness or wrong doing in a loan account which may ultimately turnout to be fraudulent. Individual banks may add other alerts/signals based on their experience, client profile and business models.
The one or more early warning signals so complied by a bank would form the basis for classifying an account as Red Flagged Accounts (RFA). In case the account is classified as a RFA, the Fraud Monitoring Group (FMG) will act upon for further investigations or remedial measures necessary to protect the bank’s interest within a stipulated time which cannot exceed six months.
The bank upon identifying the fraud should also report the matter immediately to investigative agencies for instituting criminal proceedings against the fraudulent borrowers, besides reporting the same to Reserve Bank as per the above framework
The 45 Early Warning signals provided by the Reserve Bank are as under
Default in payment to the banks/ sundry debtors and other statutory bodies, etc., bouncing of the high value cheques
-Raid by Income tax /sales tax/ central excise duty officials.-
-Frequent change in the scope of the project to be undertaken by the borrower.-
-Under insured or over insured inventory.-
-Invoices devoid of TAN and other details.-
-Dispute on title of the collateral securities.-
-Costing of the project which is in wide variance with standard cost of installation of the project.-
-Funds coming from other banks to liquidate the outstanding loan amount.-
-Foreign bills remaining outstanding for a long time and tendency for bills to remain overdue.-
-Onerous clause in issue of BG/LC/standby letters of credit.-
-In merchanting trade, import leg not revealed to the bank.-
-Request received from the borrower to postpone the inspection of the godown for flimsy reasons.-
-Delay observed in payment of outstanding dues.-
-Financing the unit far away from the branch.-
-Claims not acknowledged as debt high.-
-Frequent invocation of BGs and devolvement of LCs.-
-Funding of the interest by sanctioning additional facilities.-
-Same collateral charged to a number of lenders.-
-Concealment of certain vital documents like master agreement, insurance coverage.-
-Floating front / associate companies by investing borrowed money.-
-Reduction in the stake of promoter / director.-
-Resignation of the key personnel and frequent changes in the management.-
-Substantial increase in unbilled revenue year after year.-
-Large number of transactions with inter-connected companies and large outstanding from such companies.-
-Significant movements in inventory, disproportionately higher than the growth in turnover.-
-Significant movements in receivables, disproportionately higher than the growth in turnover and/or increase in ageing of the receivables.-
-Disproportionate increase in other current assets.-
-Significant increase in working capital borrowing as percentage of turnover.-
-Critical issues highlighted in the stock audit report.-
-Increase in Fixed Assets, without corresponding increase in turnover (when project is implemented).-
-Increase in borrowings, despite huge cash and cash equivalents in the borrower’s balance sheet.-
-Liabilities appearing in ROC search report, not reported by the borrower in its annual report.-
-Substantial related party transactions.-
-Material discrepancies in the annual report.-
-Significant inconsistencies within the annual report (between various sections).-
-Poor disclosure of materially adverse information and no qualification by the statutory auditors.-
-Frequent change in accounting period and/or accounting policies.-
-Frequent request for general purpose loans.-
-Movement of an account from one bank to another.-
-Frequent ad hoc sanctions.-
-Not routing of sales proceeds through bank.-
-LCs issued for local trade / related party transactions.-
-High value RTGS payment to unrelated parties.-
-Heavy cash withdrawal in loan accounts.-
-Non submission of original bills.-
The Reserve Bank of India made available an illustrative list of Early Warning Sign...als (EWS) which should alert bank officials about wrongdoings and frauds in loan accounts. In the background of increasing incidences of frauds in general and in loan portfolios in particular, the Reserve Bank of India brought into force the systemized framework for fraud risk management in banks.
The framework also provided the banks a list containing some 45 early warning signals which should immediately put the bank on alert regarding a weakness or wrong doing in a loan account which may ultimately turnout to be fraudulent. Individual banks may add other alerts/signals based on their experience, client profile and business models.
The one or more early warning signals so complied by a bank would form the basis for classifying an account as Red Flagged Accounts (RFA). In case the account is classified as a RFA, the Fraud Monitoring Group (FMG) will act upon for further investigations or remedial measures necessary to protect the bank’s interest within a stipulated time which cannot exceed six months.
The bank upon identifying the fraud should also report the matter immediately to investigative agencies for instituting criminal proceedings against the fraudulent borrowers, besides reporting the same to Reserve Bank as per the above framework
The 45 Early Warning signals provided by the Reserve Bank are as under
Default in payment to the banks/ sundry debtors and other statutory bodies, etc., bouncing of the high value cheques
-Raid by Income tax /sales tax/ central excise duty officials.-
-Frequent change in the scope of the project to be undertaken by the borrower.-
-Under insured or over insured inventory.-
-Invoices devoid of TAN and other details.-
-Dispute on title of the collateral securities.-
-Costing of the project which is in wide variance with standard cost of installation of the project.-
-Funds coming from other banks to liquidate the outstanding loan amount.-
-Foreign bills remaining outstanding for a long time and tendency for bills to remain overdue.-
-Onerous clause in issue of BG/LC/standby letters of credit.-
-In merchanting trade, import leg not revealed to the bank.-
-Request received from the borrower to postpone the inspection of the godown for flimsy reasons.-
-Delay observed in payment of outstanding dues.-
-Financing the unit far away from the branch.-
-Claims not acknowledged as debt high.-
-Frequent invocation of BGs and devolvement of LCs.-
-Funding of the interest by sanctioning additional facilities.-
-Same collateral charged to a number of lenders.-
-Concealment of certain vital documents like master agreement, insurance coverage.-
-Floating front / associate companies by investing borrowed money.-
-Reduction in the stake of promoter / director.-
-Resignation of the key personnel and frequent changes in the management.-
-Substantial increase in unbilled revenue year after year.-
-Large number of transactions with inter-connected companies and large outstanding from such companies.-
-Significant movements in inventory, disproportionately higher than the growth in turnover.-
-Significant movements in receivables, disproportionately higher than the growth in turnover and/or increase in ageing of the receivables.-
-Disproportionate increase in other current assets.-
-Significant increase in working capital borrowing as percentage of turnover.-
-Critical issues highlighted in the stock audit report.-
-Increase in Fixed Assets, without corresponding increase in turnover (when project is implemented).-
-Increase in borrowings, despite huge cash and cash equivalents in the borrower’s balance sheet.-
-Liabilities appearing in ROC search report, not reported by the borrower in its annual report.-
-Substantial related party transactions.-
-Material discrepancies in the annual report.-
-Significant inconsistencies within the annual report (between various sections).-
-Poor disclosure of materially adverse information and no qualification by the statutory auditors.-
-Frequent change in accounting period and/or accounting policies.-
-Frequent request for general purpose loans.-
-Movement of an account from one bank to another.-
-Frequent ad hoc sanctions.-
-Not routing of sales proceeds through bank.-
-LCs issued for local trade / related party transactions.-
-High value RTGS payment to unrelated parties.-
-Heavy cash withdrawal in loan accounts.-
-Non submission of original bills.-
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